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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ： ウィキペディア英語版 Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs) are a group of compounds comprising polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more aromatic rings and one or more chlorine atoms attached to the ring system. ClPAHs can be divided into two groups: chloro-substituted PAHs, which have one or more hydrogen atoms substituted by a chlorine atom, and chloro-added ClPAHs, which have two or more chlorine atoms added to the molecule. They are products of incomplete combustion of organic materials. They have many congeners, and the occurrences and toxicities of the congeners differ. ClPAHs are hydrophobic compounds and their persistence within ecosystems is due to their low water solubility. They are structurally similar to other halogenated hydrocarbons such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). ClPAHs in the environment are strongly susceptible to the effects of gas/particle partitioning, seasonal sources, and climatic conditions. == Sources == Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are generated by combustion of organic compounds. ClPAHs enter the environment from a multiplicity of sources and tend to persist in soil and in particulate matter in air. Environmental data and emission sources analysis for ClPAHs reveal that the dominant process of generation is by reaction of PAHs with chlorine in pyrosynthesis. ClPAHs have commonly been detected in tap water, fly ash from an incineration plant for radioactive waste, emissions from coal combustion and municipal waste incineration, automobile exhaust, snow, and urban air.〔 They have also been detected in electronic wastes, workshop-floor dust, vegetation, and surface soil collected from the vicinity of an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling facility and in surface soil from a chemical industrial complex (comprising a coke-oven plant, a coal-fired power plant, and a chlor-alkali plant), and agricultural areas in central and eastern China. In addition, the combustion of polyvinylchloride and plastic wrap made from polyvinylidene chloride result in the production of ClPAHs, suggesting that combustion of organic materials including chlorine is a possible source of environmental pollution. A specific class of ClPAHs, polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants that have been reported to occur in a wide variety of environmental and biological matrixes. ClPAHs with three to five rings have been reported to occur in air from road tunnels, sediment, snow, and kraft pulp mills. Recently, the occurrence of particulate ClPAHs has been investigated. Results have shown that most particulate ClPAH concentration detected in urban air tended to be high in colder seasons and low in warmer seasons. This study also determined through compositional analysis that relatively low molecular weight ClPAHs dominated in warmer seasons and high molecular weight ClPAHs dominated in colder seasons.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.